A Review on the Assessment of Enzyme Inhibition Activity by 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives

Abstract

Neurological disorders cause millions of deaths and disabilities each year all over the world. It is becoming a leading factor of death in humans. Neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, spinal cord injury, brain tumor and epilepsy are common these days. When enzymes that are associated with various neurological disorders become dysfunctional, they lead to these types of neurological disorders. To control these disorders, many drug molecules act as enzyme inhibitors. Therefore, the design and development of chemical scaffolds that can act as effective enzyme inhibitors is an active area of research pharmacology. Among all the heterocyclic compounds, the promising bioactivity of the triazole nucleus and its derivatives has established them as important pharmacologically important chemical scaffolds. 1,2,3-Triazole and 1,2,4-triazole are the basic heterocyclic rings that are present in the various therapeutic agents. A large volume of research work has been performed on triazole derivatives and their metal-based compounds, thereby proving their pharmacological importance. Triazole-derived compounds are very effective in inhibiting various enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, phosphatase, lactamase, alpha-amylase, and alpha-glucosidase. The present review paper is an attempt to review and summarize the pharmacological activities reported for triazole derivatives and their metal-based compounds in the current literature, in addition to updating recent research findings on this nucleus.